We went over the rest of the quiz in class today:
Themistocles - This general rose from the ranks of the common people, and took steps to increase the naval power of Athens
Delian League - An association of Greek city-states whose purpose was to remain strong and united against their enemies
trireme - A fast, agile ship that was a feared weapon in the Greek navy
Pheidippides - This hero of ancient Greece is the central figure in a story which was the inspiration for a modern sporting event - the marathon.
Darius - He commanded the first Persian invasion of Greece, which ended with his defeat at Marathon.
Myceneans - their kings dominated Greece from 1600 BC too 1200 BC
myths - These legends describe Greek gods and goddesses and the nature of the world
Salamis - The Greeks used trickery and a clever naval strategy and to win this battle against the Persians
Pericles - He was a prominent and influential statesman, orator, and general of Athens during the city's Golden Age, who was determined to glorify his city though that arts, literature, and culture
epics - These are long narrative poems celebrating heroic deeds
Persians - These people ruled an empire that stretched all the way from Egypt and Asia Minor to India and the Himalaya Mountains
Oracle of Delphi - Apollo was said to speak prophesies through this person; an ominous prophesy caused the Greeks much worry before the Persians' second invasion
Sparta - This prominent city - state had a fearsome infantry and was located in southeastern Peloponnese
Zeus - He was the leader of the gods, and the father of the goddess of wisdom
Socrates - Mr. Schick wants to go back in time to hang out with this philosopher

Than we went over our test we took about Egypt.

HOPE YOU HAVE A GOOD BREAK MR. SCHICK! (:

In class we went over some of our quiz answers:
Aspasia - She was a trusted associates of Perciles, and may have even written some of his speeches.
Odysseus - He was a hero who had many adventures while trying to return home after the Trojan War.
Isagoras - In 508 B.C., he and his Spartan allies were driven from power by the very first "people's revolution"
Athena - This goddess is the patron of Greece's capital
agora - An open "place of assembly" where Greek citizens would gather to discuss the matters of importance
Olympics -  sporting competition where the common man could actually compete against aristocrats
arete - A notion of excellence and virtue; the act of living up to one's full potential
Homer - He composed the amazing stories The Iliad and The Odyssey
Dorians -When these less-advanced people dominated Greece, writing disappeared for 400 years and the economy collapsed
Xerxes - He watched from a gold throne as his forces were defeated at the Straits of Salmis
Athens - This city-state was the home of democracy and the head of the Delian League
Cleisthenes - He was recalled from exile and asked to build the world's first government of the people - a system of government we now know as democracy
Parthenon - The most beautiful and magnificent building of its time, it was dedicated to a goddess whose 40 foot statue was found within it
Oedipus - In a Greek tragedy, he was the main character who fulfilled a prophecy that he would kill his father and marry his mother

We also went over the project that we have to do over spring break. I think I have an idea on how I am going to do mine. Mine has to be on the arts in Greece.

Today in class, we took a quiz! The quiz was 58 points. The quiz I thought was difficult. I didn't really like the format of it. I thought that was difficult. It was a new format. I wasn't really used to it. I thought that it was going to be easier. My notes were too large to go and find the answer right away. The grades were posted. I didn't do as well as I wanted too. I wanted to somehow pull my grade up from a 76% to and 80% so I would get a B instead of a C. Instead it brought my grade down to a 74% which is a D. I am not happy with that to be my final quarter 3 grade. I hope my blog post this week will pull it up to a 75%. If not I hope there is something I can do to pull it up.

March 22, 2011

Ostracized – you are banished from your own land.

The Athenians were now looking for a leader, they found a man who would change their world forever, and his name was Pericles. He wanted to glorify Athens. He was born into one of Athens wealthiest families. He wanted a city fit to rule an empire. He wanted to create a city that would have people realize the greatness of the city they live in. He wanted Athens to be the best city on the planet. 20 years earlier the Persians burnt down the temples on the acropolis. Pericles propped a massive re construction plan. Parthenon was a huge, magnificent building; it was in tribute to Athena. The modern day cost of it would be a billion dollars. It was used to glorify Athens and was located on the top of the acropolis. It was there to make the Greeks feel really good about them. This new construction program was extraordinary expensive. It is still standing present day. People would gather from all over the Greek world would gather and help build this building. Some protested that it was taking up the city but when the building was completed in only 15 years, everybody was happy with it. When you first came through the doors, you would have been stunned. You would have been confronted first thing by a 40 foot, golden statue of Athena. The statue was very life like. A five hundred foot long of carved of marble design that someone has chiseled a partial statue out of called a frieze. The people who built it were regular, every day people. Here Pericles let everybody be glorified. It includes all the great people who helped defeat the first threat to the Greeks, the Persians. It is still standing today, representing Greeks victory. They put it on the top of the acropolis so that everybody could see it. Everybody who showed up in Athens basically looked at it and was blown away. It took 15 years to build it. Pericles kept the government that Themistocles had and he was successful by doing so. Pericles was remarkable by associating with the leading minds of his day. Pericles was well aware of his city’s statue. Even Pericles partner a woman named Aspasia. He divorced his wife and lived with Aspasia. She was in a way you could say a prostitute. She still was a brilliant, confined woman. She would present herself very well. Pericles fell in love with her and let her make decisions in decision making conversations. She was allowed to hold her own. Pericles had her participate in some of the most important conversations with important people. In 5^th century Athens the highest achievements of art and culture were not restricted to the elite. The world’s first theater was in the acropolis in Athens. They would show stories by acting it out here. The first tales performed on the Greek stage were called tragedies. Greek tragedies would show Greeks the destiny that should be theirs. There were many tragedies performed such as people marrying their own mother and not knowing, and having kids with his own mom or one where a woman killed her husband. Greeks invented drama. The tragedies are what their really, really known for. The Greeks wrote these plays that had to do with really good people making some bad mistake. Otherwise it was about really good people falling from the top such as married people, personal life, or something having to do with their job. Oedipus was a guy who at a very early age was taken away from his parents. He lived his life and achieved greatness. He solved the riddle of the finks.  Because he solved it he was allowed to pass the path. A fortune teller told him that he was destined to kill his own father and marry his own mother without knowing who he was killing or who he was marrying, which he did. He has someone find out who his mother and father are. They figure it out but don’t tell him. His mother finds out before him and she hangs herself. Then he finds out and is completely embarrassed. He doesn’t want to see the looks on other people’s faces so he bulges his own eyes out. This is all fiction by the way. Real poets wrote these stories. The Athenians were shocked by the plays. The Greek tragedies show people today the psychological view of Greeks from years ago. Athens was the heart of a cultural revolution that would spread around. Pericles began to plan a great new adventure. He wanted to make Athens the undisputed ruler of the Mediterranean. He would not bring Athens glory, but death. Hubris means arrogance and pride. It is something that a lot of leaders are victim to this. They get to big for their britches. They are powerful but they don’t feel as though they are powerful enough. Pericles wants war against Sparta. Athens wanted to completely rule the Mediterranean. He wanted to go to war and be determined that he would not climb down. He wanted the biggest glory. Pericles knew that it would not be an easy war to win. Sparta had a very strong navy. So he proposed a strategy, he convinced the Athenians to abandon all the lands of Athens and go to Piraeus. He used the Athenian navy to try and defeat Sparta. Pericles expectations were that he would make the Spartans realize that they had no other device available to defeat them and they would give up. He was going to cut off all ships to supply them and they would start starving and then after a year or two they would surrender. This was the start of the Peloponnesian war. 

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CD2LRROpph0

March 18, 2011

Themistocles created a weapon, a trireme. It is used to ram and enemies ship. Themistocles couldn’t win without it. It could do a lot of damage and they were very expensive, but worth it. In the year 483 B.C. the Athenian’s discovered silver. Themistocles wanted to spend the money on ships, but he knew it would be a hard proposal to sell. Themistocles convinced the Athenians to grow the greatest naval force.   Themistocles was not raised up to be an aristocrat but because of the democracy government he was given the opportunity to raise himself up and become the leader of Athens. Died in 486 B.C. Xerxes was the son who then took over. The Persians couldn’t let small regional states beat them. Persians gathered everyone in their empire. They established one of the greatest forces the worlds ever seen. In 483 B.C. the Persians than set out and were confident of victory. When the Greek’s realized that the Persians were invading again they gripped in terror. They turned to their gods and sent messages to people that were oracle that could communicate with their gods and interoperate things.  Delphi was the best oracle. High in the Greek mountains, Delphi can be found. Here the Greek’s would come to discover their future. People came all over the world to consult Delphi. People asked questions about their private lives and things about their future. Now they wanted to know what they could do to save their selves. Delphi’s response was not what they wanted to here. It seemed that even the gods had deserted them. Themistocles refused to not fight back he felt he was prepared. Themistocles had a different idea and insisted that the oracle had a different interpretation. He wanted to fight the Persians on sea. He ordered the evacuation of Athens for the first time in history. The Athenians shall send their cities and wives to Troy. They needed to evacuate. Salamis was an island right next to Athens. He wanted every man, woman, and child to leave their homes and go into exile. The Persians marched in and stood upon the Athenian acropolis and burnt it. They burnt the temples to the ground. This would have been a devastating and humiliating sight to the people of Athens. They wondered if they would ever be able to go home again. The Persians have four times as many ships as the Greeks do. The Greeks are outnumbered 4 to 1. Themistocles sticks to his gut; his plan is to fight in a narrow body of water in the straits of Salamis. The Greek’s are afraid and the Persians were confident. Themistocles sent a Greek sailor over to the Persian leader and told him that he had information for him. He said that the Greek’s didn’t know what to do and if he fought in the narrow body of water in the straits of Salamis that they would be able to kill them. Than the Persians rowed in and thought that they had no chance of losing. The Greeks forces smashed into the corner of the Persians. At the end of the battle the Persians had lost over 200 ships and for the Greek’s it was a stunning victory. It broke the Persian navy. They could no longer guarantee the protection of their kings nor the ability to feed their navy. In practical terms the battle was over and the Greek’s had won. The Greeks had better weapons and a better strategy and more motivation. Themistocles triumph was complete. He brought them victory at sea and his instincts were proven right. He had defeated the greatest empire in the world. After the years of conflict this was a big turning point of Athens. The Athenians are at the head of a naval conspiracy. The Athenians founded an alliance of Greek stinks that was supposed to keep the Persians in check. In 450 B.C. the Dalian League had become Athens Empire.  They also gave economic power. They became a city of a vase trading network. They made many things to help their economy and became the center of trade. Themistocles now found himself under attack. Something he couldn’t understand, he reacts in a crude way and reminds the boaters what they owed him. They ostracized at the man who led them to their greatest victory. He never recovered from his humiliation and died in exile in Persia.

March 17^th, 2011

Pisistratus is helping people out by giving them a little bit of money and trying to help them live a better life. Hippias is now in charge. Hippias is taking all the rights away from the people. Cleisthenes is planning to over throw the tyrant. The year was 510 B.C. and Cleisthenes was now one of the most powerful men in the world and had lived up to the heroic goals he was brought up with. The Olympic Games were established in 776 B.C. They were originally supposed to be only the upper classmen but by Cleisthenes time everyone was allowed to compete. Some competitions were chariot racing, running, wrestling, boxing … etc. The Olympics was the largest gathering of Greece. Almost 40,000 people would come and watch the Olympics. They would travel hundreds of miles. It was heroic to win the Olympic Games. Everyone was allowed to compete but women. Here the Greeks found a civilized to way to establish a heroic way. Here they built a democracy. A world where anyone could gain victory, it made Athens more unstable. The most ambitious of the people going again Cleisthenes was Isagoris. He apparently shared his wife with a Spartan king. The Spartans helped him to try to overcome his city. It was cleat he wanted to turn Athens into a subject state. He and his troops were going to rule on top of and around the acropolis. Isagoris was against the democracy and people having a say in anything. The Spartans and Isagoris went and took over Cleisthenes and left Greece in the hands of a dictator along with a fierce group, called the Spartans. Cleisthenes had been brought up to be an aristocrat and a ruler. How could Athens ever escape from Isagoris and the Spartans? The ordinary people of Athens now took their destiny into their own hands. They rose up in revolution. Isagoris and his Spartan allies put themselves on the top of the acropolis but even there they couldn’t escape the Athenians. He stated on the top of the acropolis for two days and two nights but on the third day he was forced to surrender. This was the first time in human history that regular people rose up against their leader and gained power. No one had ever done that before, there was always people in power who would fight against other people in power but never people verse someone in power. Someone had to be the first one to do it, and it was the Athenians. They knew it was their freedom and that they were not to be denied. They knew there were more of them than the Spartans and Isagoris. Another big thing was that not only did they finally have their say again but they took over the Spartans who were unbeatable. The year was 508 B.C. this would be Athens first step to empire and glory. The people gained power in 508 B.C. The ordinary people now had to wonder who would rule them. Cleisthenes returned to Athens after the Spartans were thrown out. There was no possibility for Cleisthenes for him to put back an aristocratic government. So he had to establish a government. He basically invents democracy. He realized how much of a say the Athenians should have in their city state. For Cleisthenes he didn’t know how to give them a say in their future that they deserved. On the Shadow of the acropolis the Athenians could now gather and discuss the future of their state. They could address their fellow citizens. Anyone could go and explain what they wanted to do next. Cleisthenes invented a vote. A black peddle for no and a white pebble for yes. Everybody besides the girls and the slaves had a right to vote. He established a democracy. The great Athenian assembly would gather every 9 days and discuss issues such as war and taxes. The Athenian democracy was all new to Athens but it worked. The people are the government. This had never happened with anyone before. Democracy really does unleash and make possible potential in human society’s that are unlikely to be released in any other way. These Athenians would face struggles that would of stunned their ancestors. The world’s first democracy was about to be invaded. In 419 B.C., 18 years after the establishment of democracy, Pheidippedes was a man who came and was a citizen of Athens and he was about to make one of the most astonishing things happen. He didn’t want glory, but survival. He was going to be conquered by the Persian empires. The tiny state of Athens was gaining power, which threatened Persia. So they felt as though they had to destroy. Darius was known to the Greece as the great king. For Pheidippedes and the Persians, they wanted to disrupt the Athenians way of life. The Persians put more emphasis on obedience rather than freedom. They invaded a river 25 miles from Athens. Every male citizen would have to come to the defense of their state. Hoplites were professional solders with their own weapons and metal. There were not enough to hold up the Persians, so everyone would have to come and defend Athens. It was probably the first time Athens had to use all their men in battle .As they face the Persians on the battle field they were outnumbered 1 to 2. Even as Pheidippedes ran he had o know the horror the Athenians were going to have to face. Pheidippedes ran 140 miles in two days. His help though he didn’t know would be refused. His fellow Athenians would have to fight alone. Pheidippedes would never have imagined that the Greeks would win a victory. The Persians had scattered in the face of their assault. The Athenian hurt 6,000 Persians. The Greeks had won their first battle as a democracy. The Athenians returned to their city to celebrate thier victory. The war with Persia had just become. Themistocles....

March 16, 2011

The Greeks

Crucible of Civilization

Important Notes:

508 B.C. in a town called Athens, a tiny city in Greece. The ordinary people had turned on their rulers. At this moment one man looked on, Athenian nobleman name Cleisthenes would see that these ordinary people should have freedom and be able to govern themselves. With this decision he would set his fellow Greeks to a path to an Empire. Cleisthenes was an aristocrat, he was born to rule. Athens was built around the acropolis, a big out cropping of rock. They could seek out the attacks of their neighbors. In the narrow streets were the homes of workers and farmers. Reading and Writing were rare. Life expectancy was less than 15 years. Life was extremely tough. This was no society of even. The people lived under the rule of the aristocrats. It was not that the people were slaves; they were just treated as slaves. You were treated like this if you weren’t born an aristocrat. The people besides aristocrats had no part and no share in anything. The aristocrats just cared about holding their own power. Greece does not have the obvious look of the great civilizations of the world, such as Egypt and Persia who grew up around rivers and open planes. Greece was only a landscape ridden by mountain ranges and here and there, there were tiny islands. Greece was separated into tiny nations called city-states. It wasn’t one big country. There were Sparta and Corinth, and Athens. Even know they were all on the same peninsula they were separated by mountains. They would compete with each other. They had most of the same beliefs and gods they just weren’t familiar with each other and wanted to compete. All the city states were fiercely independent. Athens was important. There was one city-state that had military power. This city state was called Sparta. They were raised in the fields, separated from their family’s they were raised to be soldiers. They were brought up to put up with anything. The food was horrible. Death was as nothing to eating their food. Others could see where they were willing to die. They were the greatest fighters on earth. No one wanted to go up against the Spartan army. They had no luxuries or comforts. They wore red cloches. They did this because if they were messed up in battle their enemy wouldn’t know they were hurt. Both the Athenians and the Spartans won numerous battles where they were outnumbered. The Spartans started training to be military fighters from the age of 6 or 7 where they were taken away from their families. The life expectancy was short all over Greece. By Cleisthenes time they had conquered all their surrounding regions. They were a threat to everyone. This then was the world of Cleisthenes child hood. If there was one thing that inspired Cleisthenes and the fellow Greeks it was their stories. The two most famous stories were the Odyssey and the Iliad, written by Homer. Most people knew these stories. They knew about the different battles. They knew a lot about the life around them and their past from these stories. The Odyssey was a story about Odysseus trying to get home after the Trojan War. The women had more rights than you would think in Sparta. They had to help run businesses and work on the farm. They had a big responsibility because the men were away at war. They had more freedom than the women of Athens or really everywhere else. A hero by definition is ‘doers of great deeds’. They were terrific people but they were not perfect. They were determined to cease victory at all cost. The vision of the hero was the model that Cleisthenes was brought up to become. It was to pursue a life of greatness and glory. It was to pursue the strength and value, to cease power and victory for himself and himself alone, to become a real life hero. He was not the only one raised to be this way. There is a big change in the middle of the 6^th century. When one man tried to take control of tyrant, a tyrant is when someone grabs control. Pisistratus was Cleisthenes brother in law, he was the new tyrant. A goddess was Athena who was a tall a brown haired girl. She gave Pisistratus legitimacy to gain power. She was Zeus’ daughter.

A crucible is something that you use when you try to combine things and come up with a completely different topic.

1776 when the United States started their own government and broke free from England they established a Roman type of government.

Ancient Greece: Introduction

Greece is a peninsula; it has a lot of mountains in places. Peloponnesia is a place in Greece at the end of the map that is kind of hooked on to Greece in a way.  Athens is right near Peloponnesia. Sparta is located in Peloponnesia.

Geography of Greece                            

·         Mountainous peninsula

-          Mountains conver ¾ of Greece this is why it is so hard to move around and the people of Greece are in a way separate from each other because the mountains separate each other.

·         Approximately 1,400 islands in the Aegean and Ionian Seas.

-          They went around in a boat most of the time.

·         Location shaped its culture

·         Skilled sailors

·         Poor natural resources – they didn’t have a lot of places to grow stuff. It is very rocky and mountains and because of that it was difficult to unite them.

·         Approximately 20% suitable for farming

·         Fertile valleys cover ¼ of peninsula

·         Because of geography the Greek diet consists of grains, grapes, olive. – If they grow this stuff their selves. Than that is the biggest part of their diet. They also were great wine makers. Grapes aren’t available everywhere in the world so they were a popular camaraderie that they could trade. Olives were an important part of their civilization. They would make soap, olive oil and other stuff out of olives. They have a small number of things that they grow in Greece that are really good for their health and their economy.

·         Lack of resources most likely led to Greek colonization. Colonizing means moving a colony. A colony is a group of people who leave their native country to form in a new land a settlement subject to, or connected with, the parent nation.

·         Temperatures range from 48 in the winter to 80 in the summer. That means that they don’t have to adjust to the temperature change that much. It is moderate and temperate. It is beautiful weather. These people invented the Olympics. They got out and were very active, they ate grapes and gains and olives and were healthy people. They had a moderate climate that they were able to go outside and play sports and exercise. People were athletic and active. They had reasons for doing this. They had to get in shape to fight battles and they felt it was a responsibility to be fit and healthy.

Mycenaean’s

·         Began around 2000 B.C.; only 500 years after the pyramids were built.

·         Mycenae is located on a rocky ridge and protected by a 20 foot thick wall called the Lions Gate. They could see their enemies coming.

·         The Mycenaean kings dominated Greece from 1600 – 1200 B.C.

-          Controlled trade in the region

·         1400 B.C. Mycenaean’s invaded Crete and absorbed Minoan culture and language

·         They protected themselves and very well fortified.

Culture in Decline

·         Around 1200 B.C. sea people began to invade Mycenae and burnt palace after palace.

·         The Dorian’s moved in the war-torn region

-          Far less advanced

-          Economy collapsed

-          Writing disappeared for 400 years.

·         They weren’t really good at anything but fighting. They didn’t know how to trade, read, write, and interact with other people. They just came in and kicked butt and burn palaces. Their economy just collapsed.

·         This was called the Dark Ages. Usually things progress in other civilizations but Greece went backwards during this time. We tend to progress but they didn’t. Recorded history is about writing things down and what happened. They didn’t do this all they did was tell stories.

Homer and Myths

·         Only stories were kept and passed on by word of mouth.

·         Homer lived at the end of the “Greek Dark Ages”

·         Recorded stories of the Trojan War in The Iliad and The Odyssey

(Written 750-700 B.C.)

-          Trojan War was probably one of the last conquests of the Mycenaean’s.

www.amazon.com/Odyssey-Robert-Fagles/dp/0140268863

Greek Concepts

·         Arete

-          Virtue and excellence

·         Epics

-          Narrative poems celebrating heroic deeds

·         Myths were created to explain creation

-          Zeus: leader of the gods

-          Hera: Zeus’ wife

-          Athena: goddess of wisdom

hello mr. schick I didn't have class with you today but I thought I should ust say hi, so hi (:

The Greeks are the people that are glorious and arrogant. The Greeks achieved many things by war. Perciles is a politician who was a genius, one of the individuals who were part of Greek intelligence. 508 b.c. in a town called Athens, were at war. Cliteans was brought up from birth to be a ruler. Cliteans was born around 570 b.c. From his earliest days he was taught he was an aristocrat. In the 6^th century b.c. these aristocrats controlled everything that happened in Cliteans hometown, Athens. You would never know back than that Athens would soon rule an empire. For these Athenians reading and writing were called a rare skill. Science and medicine was not heard of. Life was extremely tough. The aristocrat held power against the rest of the population. The whole country was in the hands of a few people. They had no, part nor share in anything. The aristocrats dominated. Greece does not have the obvious physical unity that you would associate with the rest of the great civilized nations of the world. Egypt, Persia, etc. had all grown up around open planes and river. But Greece did not have that. It was just a mountain plane. It was impossible for such a single ruler to dominate their world. The Corinthians dominated Greece trade. In the south of Greece, laid a city state called Sparta. The Spartans were raisied in the fields separated from their families. They were all brought up to be a military man. They had few possessions besides their weapons and their clothes. Spartans were brought up to put up with anything. The Spartans were willing to die. They didn’t have good food or good atmospheres. They conquered all the surrounding regions. The rest of the Greeks considered Sparta a threat. One thing that inspired Clieteans and the fellow Greeks it was their story’s,  Ancient tales and myths. Their stories influenced and shaped people from their earliest days. The liliat and the odyssey composed by odystey. They are about war. Heroes were great achievers and the stories were about heroes. The heroes were determined to win in war and followed through with what they believed. Cliteans was brought up to follow the image of a hero. It was to pursue a life of greatness and glory. One, through strength and value, to cease power and victory for himself, and himself alone, to become a real life hero. One day a man of dignified and noble bearing rode in to the city of Athens. Besides him rode the faithful goddess of Athens, Ofina. Surprisingly he was welcomed by the Athenians as the new ruler. As he consolidated his rule, it was found he had other things to maintain besides power. Visitrous was an extroidinary man. He reduced taxes and introduced loans to people to build up their farms. He began to transform the city. With the rise of Visitrouses you see how Athens begins to develop in a good way. You see more vines and olives. Olives trees manifest themselves in new aspects. They allow people to use them for food, soap, etc. They produce excellent olives, the best in the Greek world. Which is a great exporting thing. To Egypt, Assyria, Persia and other neighboring countries. Greeks were scattered,  like ants or frogs around a pond. It was one of the greatest market places in the world. Gold, silver, and finery from Egypt, and everyone was willing to trade for Athenian olive oil. They were on the rise. The most astonishing consequence of Athens was found to be on the darkest streets of the city. The pottery wasn’t a big deal than. What was inside the pot was worth more than the actual pot. Potters work was the lowest of the low in the Athenian society, ‘the scum of the earth’. They had no special respect by the civilization. They transported oils and food and were always simple in design based on Egyptian and Anserine art. The Athenian potters developed a whole new form of painting. A style still astonishing today, millions of dollars for pots. They produced great art for eternity. International economic power is was Athens became. Visiisterous rule was not to last forever. In the year 527 b.c. he died. His son Hipios took over. At first he followed in his fathers footsteps. But soon they discovered the terriable nature. Int eh year 514 b.c. Hippios’s brother was murderd. A couple yers later his whole attitude changed. He had the murderes sent to death and their wives as well. After this the timothy came much, much harder in revenge of his brother. He became suspicious of everybody. Visitrous came into power for a cause his son had no cause other than self preservation. Life with him had become increasingly dangerous. For the paroonoid dictator knew that his greatest affect was the aristocrats and how they could affect his power. But the time now seemed to be right. Cliteseans decided to try to over throw Hippiothis to gain power for himself and his family. In the stories of the heroes and their needs to be seen and the ability to strike at the right time. Clitheans established a conspiracy to over throw Hippothious. The year was 510 b.c. Clitetheans was one of the powerful man on earth and used the heroic things he was taught and brought up with since birth. Allimpia in southern Greece, here every 4 years men from all over Greece would meet here and compete. The competitions were established in 77 b.c. A king could race against a fisher. The competitions have their roots and skills established by the Greece people. Running, boxing, wrestling, cheery picking, and other sports were done. The largest gathering of Greece was this competition, ore than 40,000 people would gather for the Olympic Games. Greeks would travel thousands of miles to attend the games. You had a brief attendance of glory. Here the Greeks found a civilized way to establish the heroic idea. Anyone could win; it was all based on pure skill. Cliceans gained power and found that others were conspiring against him. He learned one thing to gain power in any way. The most ambitious of those enspiring against Clitheans, was Isagerous. He was also brought up to have power, but he knew he couldn’t do that on his own. He turned outside Athens for support. He sent a message to the Spartans. Greece’s most feared warrior. The Spartans immediately provided some of their most powerful troops to take over Greece so he would gain power. He and his troops would rule from the high point of the city. Cliseneas would leave his city left under the rule of a dictator. A dictator with the Spartans on his side. He was brought up to be an aristocrat and a ruler. All this had led to was conflict. How could Athens ever escape from this pointless violence? But even as Cliceans agunated and exciled. Athens ws stuck by an event. Like their mythical hero, the people of Athens took their destiny into their own hands. They rose up in revolution. Isagerous and his Spartan allies invaded themselves at the top of the city. But even their, they couldn’t escape the violent of the Athenians. Finally on the morning of the third day he was forced to surrender. 508 b.c., this would be Athens first step to empire and glory. For the first time in recorded history the people turned on their ruler and ceased power for themselves. The ordinary people had risen up without organized leadership. The Athenian people turned to one man, Cliceneas. He was returned from excile and asked to build a government. He faced a really remarkable challgenge. Their was no possibility for him to create a new group of aristocrats he had to produce a government. He knew he had to establish that the Athenins would have a say in their future. The citizens of Athens gathered and discussed the future of their states. They culd stand and addres their fellow citizens. Where government was once established by weapons. Clitheneas established a better Athens. He instituted the rule of the people. A system of governemtn that we now know as democracy. Every 9 days a government would gather and talk about issues of Athens and try to make them better. Athenian was a different democracy from ours. But theirs also works. The people are the government. Democracy represents a shock break. Ordinary gains who weren’t rich or amazing could now also be viewed as heroes. It was a system of government that would transform this tiny state. It is not just an accident that you had this change. Democraxcy makes possible potential in himan societys that could not be created other wise. For a new generation Athenians would take up his legacy. These Athenians would face troubles that would stun their ancestors but they would defend their state.

Egypt's economy

Tourism (who wouldn't want to see the pyramids?)

oil, natural gas, manufacturing

argiculture - making the most of their limitied arable land (3%)
* cotton, corn, rice, wheat, fava beans

the old pattern of dealing with the Nile [akhet (inundation), peret (land emerges from the flood), and shomu (eater i short)] has been changed since the 1970 building of the Aswn High Dam

the dam controls the flooding of the Nule, and increases the amount of reclaimed land

Egypt's demographics

79 million people - biggest population of Middle Eastern nations, third biggest African country (#1: Nigeria, #2 Ethiopia)

Cairo: 6.7 million (metro: 19.4 mil)
NYC: 8.3 million (metro: 19.0 mil)

Official language: Arbic
(English, French, and German are also ttaught to some)

Religion: around 90% muslim, most of the rest are Christian (Coptic), but there are major conflicts (Egypt is 12th in religious violence, 5th worst for religious freedom)

Look at PowerPoint for video and pictures.

Egypt - politics, government, revolution

1922 - end of protectorate with the Untied Kingdom

1953 - Egypt declared a Republic

1954 - 1970 - ruled by Gamal Nasser
* nationalizes the Suez Canal
* forms allegiance with the Soviet Union

1970-1981 - ruled by Anwar Sadat
* switches allegiance to the U.S.
* attacked Israel over Sinai Peninsula, but later mafe peace
* Sadat assassinated in 1981

1981-2011 - ruled by Hosni Mubarak
* kept alliance w/ US (helped in the Iraq war)
* accused of corruption, political persecution, human rights, violations
* driven from office following mass deomonstrations last month

Whats next for Egypt?
Who knows

Egypt, currently ruled by military junta, but democratic elections scheduled for September 2011

Some want Mubarak arrested and tried bor embezzling from the government Our friend Sarah and other Egyptians say he may have stolen $50-70 million

Ancient Egypt

• Water for drinking, for irrigating, for bathing, for transportation

• Every July it floods

• Every October it leaves behind rich soil
• First people to figure out:

• Solar base day
• A lunar base month
• A solar base year

• The delta is broad, marshy triangular area of fertile silt
• The Nile, It flows from South to North
• Pyramids
•  The Great Sphinx of Giza

At the bottom of the pyramid the greatest amount of people were slaves and servants

Than farmers - raised wheat, barley, lentils, onions - benefitted from irrigation of the Nile

Artisans

Merchants

Scribes

Soldiers

Government Officials - Nobles, Priests 

Today in Class we went over the test we took on "Guns, Germs, and Steel" We were able to keep them so we can use them to study for our Western Civ. final.