Consul: the highest elected office of the Roman Republic and an appointive office under the Empire.
Veto: a way of enabling the tribunes to protect the interests of the plebeians from the encroachments of the patricians, who dominated the Senate.
Senate: a political institution in ancient Rome. It was one of the most enduring institutions in Roman history, being founded in the first days of the city.
Assembly: political institutions where the people who had the final say in decisions with the government.
Dictator: is a ruler who assumes sole and absolute power but without hereditary ascension such as a monarch.
Mercenary: a person who takes part in an armed conflict, who is not a national or a party to the conflict, and is "motivated to take part in the hostilities essentially by the desire for private gain.


1 (A) Plebeians were dissatisfied with Rome's government in the earlier years because it barred them from being able to hold most government positions, commanding armies or serving as high priests.
(B)Plebeians gained some power and rights when they decided to stop fighting in the army unless the patricians let them be a part of things.
(C) The plebeians made things more equal for all, enslavement by debt was ended and they had a code of laws called the twelve tables.


2 They thought they had a balanced government because they claimed that their government was partly a monarchy, partly and aristocracy, and partly a democracy.


3 Roman government won support of conquered people by giving them different laws and regulations. The Romans made sure they stayed and obeyed them.


4 (A)  At the start of the Punic Wars Carthage seemed to be stronger. That is because they have a population of about 250,000 and that was 3 times the size of Rome. They also had a huge 500 ship Navy.


4 (B) Rome was stronger. Rome could draw a reserve of more than 500, 000 troops. Second, Rome's citizen troops were a lot more loyal and reliable than the mercenaries employed by Carthage. Third, warfare was a 
Roman specialty.  


5 If Hannibal had been the victor, Carthage would have become the greatest empire in the world instead of Rome. 


6(A) They freed the Greeks of their ruler Phillip
6(b) The Greeks were greedy with their freedom.